Nuremberg

Nuremberg (Nürnberg) is Bavaria's second-largest city and one of Germany's most historically significant urban centers. The well-preserved Old Town is encircled by medieval walls and dominated by the Imperial Castle (Kaiserburg), which offers panoramic views of the city. Nuremberg was the unofficial capital of the Holy Roman Empire and hosted imperial diets for centuries. During the Middle Ages, it was a major center for craftsmanship, science, and early printing. The city is renowned for its Christmas Market (Christkindlesmarkt), one of Germany's oldest and most famous, dating back to the 16th century. Nuremberg is also known for its distinctive small sausages (Nürnberger Rostbratwurst), gingerbread (Lebkuchen), and traditional toys. After World War II, the city gained prominence as the site of the Nuremberg Trials, where Nazi war criminals were prosecuted. Today, the Documentation Center Nazi Party Rally Grounds provides important historical context about this dark period.