Bauhaus Movement

Bauhaus Movement represents revolutionary German design school founded 1919 Weimar by Walter Gropius merging Grand Ducal Saxon Academy Fine Art with Arts Crafts School creating radical reimagining material world, arts unity concept. Core philosophy eliminates artist-craftsman distinction, emphasizes mass production principles, functional design, ornamentation rejection, modernist aesthetics, industrial integration. Three locations encompass Weimar (1919-1925), Dessau (1925-1932), Berlin (1932-1933) under directors Walter Gropius, Hannes Meyer, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe until Nazi closure 1933. Influential faculty includes Paul Klee, Wassily Kandinsky, Marcel Breuer, László Moholy-Nagy, Johannes Itten developing innovative teaching methods, workshop training, preliminary courses, form-color theory. Design principles encompass form follows function, essential elements only, efficiency priority, simplicity aesthetic, modernist philosophy, industrial production adaptation. International influence includes US emigration during WWII, Harvard teaching, Yale programs, Chicago New Bauhaus, architectural education transformation, contemporary design impact. Architectural innovation features steel-frame construction, glass curtain walls, asymmetrical plans, spatial efficiency, modernist hallmarks, international style development. Educational legacy encompasses visual arts reconceptualization, research-based artistic process, experimental teaching, problem-solving emphasis, contemporary art education foundation creating exceptional German design heritage, modernist movement, international architectural significance.